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3rd Annual Infectious Diseases in Children Symposium West |
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| 2000, some ups, some downs and some wishes for 2001 | December 2000: Despite some negative publicity about vaccines, vaccination of America's children is at a record high. |
| AAP releases recommendations for Lyme vaccine | February 2000: Vaccination should be based on risk assessments for high-risk individuals older than 15. |
| AAP updates recommendations for routine use of varicella vaccine | February 2000: Pediatricians urged to support public health officials in development and implementation of immunization requirements for child care and school entry. |
| ACIP modifies meningitis vaccination recommendation for college students | January 2000: Vaccination should be provided or made easily available to college freshmen who wish to reduce their risk. |
| ACIP recommends routine use of pneumococcal vaccine for infants | March 2000: The vaccine series should be given in four doses at 2, 4, 6 and 12 to 15 months of age. |
| All pregnant women need HIV testing, regardless of apparent risk | July 2000: HIV testing should be as commonplace as urinalysis during a woman's first prenatal office visit. |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate superior to azithromycin for AOM, study finds | March 2000: The drug was shown to be more effective at both killing the bacteria and reducing symptoms. |
| Antibiotic management challenging for meningitis in pediatric patients | October 2000: For pneumococcal meningitis, vancomycin is considered standard initial treatment before knowing the susceptibility of the organism. |
| Antibiotic treatment for E. coli O157:H7 increases risk for HUS | July 2000: Study shows 50% of the children who received antibiotics for E. coli infection developed hemolytic-uremic syndrome. |
| Asthma may result from early immune responses that alter lung growth | February 2000: Prevention of asthma must be initiated in early life since developmental changes in the lungs begin shortly after birth. |
| Athletes with HIV, HBV and HCV should be permitted to participate in sports | January 2000: AAP releases new policy statement that says exposure to blood poses small risk. |
| Bacterial meningitis outcome may be predictable within 12 hours of admission | November 2000: Long seizure duration, presence of coma, leukopenia and use of inotropes all point to adverse outcomes. |
| Better follow-up needed for infants born with sickle cell disease | November 2000: Large discrepancies in compliance seen with medical interventions for infants with sickle cell disease. |
| Birth dose of hepatitis B vaccine slow to recover after thimerosal scare | May 2000: A delay in the receipt of the first dose of hepatitis B vaccine is directly correlated with delayed completion or noncompletion of vaccine series. |
| Breaching the comfort zone: talking about sex | September 2000 |
| CDC Lyme disease surveillance shows incidence on the rise | June 2000: The number of counties that reported Lyme disease did not increase, suggesting a good portion of the rise came from areas already known to be Lyme-endemic. |
| CDC project trying to track unexplained, life-threatening illnesses | December 2000: A researcher said the number of cases with no etiology, even after extensive testing, is astonishing. |
| Cases of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli reported in United States | February 2000: A study confirms that Shiga toxin-producing E. coli O111:H8 is capable of causing infection in healthy individuals. |
| Changing standard of care important in managing inner-city asthma | June 2000: A focused care approach may reduce the number of acute care visits to emergency departments and clinics. |
| Child care center staffs contribute to inappropriate antibiotic prescribing | May 2000: Child care workers seem to be misinformed about several aspects of upper respiratory infections and antibiotic use. |
| Children may not be getting enough liquid medicine to finish course | September 2000: Antibiotic suspensions as dispensed may not be enough to complete dosing regimens. |
| Children unvaccinated due to beliefs at greater risk for contracting measles | January 2000: Religious and philosophical exemptions pose potential risk to community. |
| Clues offered in diagnosing a child with fever of unknown origin | May 2000: Consider toxicity, immune status, fever duration, age, infection source and severity of infection. |
| Combination therapy offers better treatment option | December 2000: Combination medications for asthma can simplify dosing. They also offer improved effectiveness and better compliance. |
| Consider many factors when determining the cause of otorrhea | August 2000: Otorrhea is a common complication of tympanostomy tube placement, but it has several other causes. |
| Consider resistant pathogens when prescribing for acute conjunctivitis | October 2000: H. influenzae is still the most prevalent cause. However, when S. pneumoniae is the cause, almost one-third of cases are resistant. |
| Corticosteroids should not be used for treating infant RSV | February 2000: Treatment with prednisolone had no effect on outcome measures at initial hospital admission for RSV infection. |
| DNA markers effective as surrogate indicators of NICU pathogen transmission | May 2000: DNA markers from the cauliflower mosaic virus were effective in detecting pathways of nosocomial pathogen transmission in a given NICU environment. |
| Day care children saw reduction in RTIs after nine-valent pneumococcal vaccine | June 2000: A nine-valent pneumococcal vaccine affected morbidity and antibiotic use in the day care setting. |
| Determining impact of new pneumococcal conjugate vaccine | December 2000: A new indication for otitis media was filed with the Food and Drug Administration. |
| Diagnosis, treatment of bacterial sinusitis clarified in guidelines | August 2000: The new guidelines recommend antibiotics for children with symptoms persisting longer than 10 days without improvement. |
| Dutch pertussis outbreak may have been caused by antigenic changes | October 2000: Pertussis has remained endemic in the Netherlands with epidemic peaks, despite high vaccination coverage. |
| E. coli outbreak involving 18 school children reported in Minnesota | May 2000: The USDA's Food and Nutrition Service plans to destroy all meat from the implicated lot. |
| Early predictors could improve immunization status | August 2000: Social cognitive variables assessed at 3 months were predictive of immunization status and could be targeted for later interventions to prevent delays. |
| FDA approved new treatment for acute otitis media | February 2000: Trimethoprim alone appears to be efficacious in treatment of acute otitis media. |
| FDA approves fluticasone powder for asthmatics older than 4 years | November 2000: Because there is no need for hand-breath coordination, this new style inhaler may be easier to use than traditional aerosol inhalers. |
| FDA approves pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for use in infants | March 2000: The vaccine should be routinely administered to infants at 2, 4, 6 and 12-15 months of age. |
| Features of exanthems helpful in diagnosing childhood disease | May 2000: Kawasaki syndrome, fifth disease and Gianotti Crosti syndrome are diseases associated with exanthems. |
| Gene alterations for CF may account for chronic sinus problems | November 2000: Many patients who suffer from chronic sinusitis share an altered gene, which is present in CF patients. |
| Group A streptococcal perineal disease is relatively common | November 2000: Coinfection with streptococcal pharyngitis is common. Young age and school attendance may be risk factors. |
| Guidelines preventing some, but not all early-onset group B streptococcus | August 2000: GBS cases have decreased 65% since 1993, and the gap between blacks and whites has narrowed by 75%. |
| Health care workers on frontline facing unending challenges | August 2000: The newest challenges include an often complacent or self-diagnosing public. |
| Heart failure deaths common in pediatric HIV; HF often misdiagnosed | November 2000: Regular echocardiograms in children with HIV may help alter the course, stem suffering. |
| Hepatitis B virus eradication easier than smallpox, polio | June 2000 |
| Herpesvirus infections most deadly in first four weeks of life | June 2000: Forty percent to 90% of Americans have HSV-1; 15% to 30% have HSV-2. |
| Highest ever coverage reported for DTP, HepB and varicella vaccines | November 2000: ACIP approves recommended childhood immunization schedule for January through December 2001. |
| Household contacts of confirmed GAS cases at risk for disease | October 2000: The overall annual incidence of invasive GAS disease is 3.8 cases per 100,000 population. |
| Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis reported after erythromycin | January 2000: Prophylaxis for exposure to pertussis still important as most hospitalizations and deaths for pertussis occur in infants. |
| IOM report says immunization system not prepared to meet future needs | July 2000: A new financial strategy is aimed at bolstering immunization system infrastructure. |
| IOM report says medical errors are a 'systemwide' problem | January 2000: Managed care escapes harsh criticism, but new practice requirements for medical professionals could be coming. |
| Immunologic correlates useful predictor of vaccine protection | July 2000: Shorter prelicensure periods and decreased costs associated with developing new vaccines are benefits of using correlates of protection. |
| Increase in Hib disease prompts CDC to investigate Amish population | April 2000: While Hib vaccine is recommended for all children younger than 5 years, many Pennsylvania children remain unvaccinated. |
| Influenza season started early and spread rapidly across country | February 2000: While people of all ages are affected, the very young are particularly hit hard. |
| Inhaled corticosteroid use associated with misconceptions | May 2000: Many myths exist among clinicians and patients about safety and optimal benefits of inhaled corticosteroids. |
| Intranasal spray vaccine protects against unexpected influenza strain | March 2000: The first-year study results showed an efficacy rate of 93% and the second year of this study suggested similar results. |
| Intranasal steroids most effective treatment for allergic rhinitis | December 2000: More physicians are recognizing the benefit of first-line use of intranasal steroids. |
| Is your patient really allergic to that antibiotic? | December 2000: Find out what type of reaction the patient had when he or she claims to be allergic to antibiotics. |
| Kawasaki syndrome not caused by Chlamydia pneumoniae | April 2000: However, an infectious etiology is still a leading hypothesis about the cause of this problem. |
| Lack of funding forcing closure of school-based health centers | September 2000: School-based health centers are often the students' sole source for health care. Closing the centers leaves many students without access to a health care provider. |
| Lactobacillus GG with antibiotics reduces antibiotic-associated diarrhea | January 2000: Probiotic strain Lactobacillus GG shown safe and effective in prevention of diarrhea in children receiving antimicrobial treatment. |
| Laws needed for hepatitis B vaccination compliance | April 2000: A survey has found that in the absence of school entry requirements, many do not receive HepB. |
| Lice remains hard-to-treat common disease among children | April 2000: There may be several treatment options available, but none is 100% effective. |
| Lidocaine-prilocaine patch does not affect antibody response to MMR | October 2000: Patch reduces pain associated with vaccination and causes no diminution in antibody response to vaccine. |
| Linezolid is well tolerated in children with CAP | June 2000: At follow-up, 92% of study patients on linezolid were considered cured, including six patients with pneumococcal infections. |
| Lyme disease vaccine as effective in children as in adults | May 2000: A study of more than 4,000 U.S. children showed the safety profile of Lyme disease vaccine is similar to that in adults. |
| Management of allergic rhinitis should consist of three-part system | April 2000: Symptom management should be approached with avoidance, pharmacologic therapy and allergen immunotherapy. |
| Many issues to consider when initiating systemic steroid therapy | July 2000: Clinicians should advise parents on issues including weight gain and behavioral changes while their child is on steroid therapy for a dermatologic condition. |
| Meningococcal vaccine guidelines for students published | August 2000: The CDC is encouraging college students, particularly freshmen living in dormitories, to be vaccinated. |
| Neonatal dermatology presents unique problems | May 2000: Premature skin needs special precautions. Consider biopsy and maternal history when making diagnosis. |
| Neuraminidase inhibitors effective for treating flu | December 2000: Studies have shown that they are effective against both influenza A and B, and they have demonstrated better ability to reduce complications. |
| Nevirapine reduces HIV vertical transmission after one year | August 2000: At a 12-month follow-up, a 39% reduction in maternal-child HIV transmission was noted. |
| New 3-D structure allows look into poliovirus as it enters a host cell | March 2000: By understanding the process of how viruses work, researchers have another target for intervention. |
| New and old options exist for the management of acute otitis media | November 2000: Vaccines, antibiotics, tympanocentesis/myringotomy, tympanostomy tubes and adenoidectomy are available therapeutic options for the child with recurrent disease. |
| New data indicate U.S. RSV season in full swing | January 2000: The winter months mean peak time for respiratory syncytial virus. |
| New guidelines specify when to use antimicrobials for rhinosinusitis | September 2000: Beginning with a broad-spectrum drug may have a better chance of success, but limits options if it does not work. |
| New online HIV treatment guidelines for adolescents, adults available | March 2000: Recommendations for the use of resistance tests are now included. |
| No link found between Stachybotrys and pulmonary hemorrhage in infants | April 2000: Hemorrhage was associated with major water damage during the six months before illness and increased levels of measurable household fungi. |
| Number of polio-endemic countries decreasing | July 2000: New data indicate polio remains endemic in only 30 countries worldwide, a decrease from 50 in 1998. |
| Ocular allergy symptoms can have many allergic, nonallergic causes | August 2000: Each cause has different clinical signs. Some nonallergic diseases can mimic allergic reactions. |
| Offer parents option to have young children immunized against influenza | March 2000: Feasibility issues make it complicated to give young children influenza vaccine, but children younger than 1 year have the same hospitalization risks as the elderly. |
| Ohio reports cluster of GAS cases | April 2000: Seven patients developed streptococcal toxic shock syndrome and two died. |
| Pacifier use may increase the risk of acute otitis media | October 2000: AOM occurrence was 29% lower among children whose parents were counseled against pacifier use. |
| Parents need to be advised on safety of combination vaccines | May 2000: Although evidence proves that combination products are safe and effective, some parents still need convincing. |
| Pediatric, neonatal intensive care units at risk for nosocomial infections | July 2000: Bloodstream infections were found to be the most common; invasive devices found to play a major role. |
| Pediatricians are still wary about fluoroquinolone use in children | December 2000: Indications for upper respiratory infections like acute otitis media could lead to increased resistance. |
| Pediatricians ask about the pneumococcal vaccine | April 2000 |
| Permission, instruction needed to have asthma meds in school | February 2000: Although policy differs from district to district, most schools allow students to self-carry, self-medicate. |
| Pneumocystis carinii and SIDS: possible link or marker for syndrome? | March 2000: Up to 94% of immunocompetent children have detectable antibodies by age 30 months to 48 months. |
| Preventing perinatal infections: lessons learned from two successes | October 2000: Recommendations to prevent HIV and group B streptococcus helped lower the number of cases of maternal-fetal transmissions. |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa under nails of HCWs spreads infection | April 2000: The genotypes found under the fingernails of three nurses matched cultures from infected neonates. |
| Quinupristin/dalfopristin benefit shown in pediatric patients | March 2000: The overall treatment success rate was 71%. A 51.1% success rate was reported in the adult population. |
| Revisiting treatment, management of tinea capitis | June 2000: Diagnostic techniques and treatment options have greatly changed. |
| Routine ENT follow-up visits for tympanostomy tubes: Are they necessary? | September 2000: Several important questions must be answered at follow-up visit after tympanostomy tube placement. It is important for pediatricians to work with the surgeons. |
| Severe local, systemic reactions can result from fire ant stings | June 2000: Patients given the imported fire ant whole-body vaccine can become tolerant or desensitized to the protein in fire ant venom. |
| Signs, symptoms may vary among strains of influenza | October 2000: Influenza is responsible for 15% to 30% of excess winter hospitalizations for respiratory illness. |
| Simple tools and techniques make asthma management easier | July 2000: Simple tools, such as surveys, give doctors more time to teach patients how to better manage their illness. |
| Some risky behaviors are declining among teens, but not all | September 2000: More teens are protecting themselves against HIV and pregnancy. However, many are still taking other risks, such as drinking and taking illegal drugs. |
| Statistics show substantial decline for neonatal group B strep | February 2000: Prophylactic intrapartum antibiotics prevented approximately 3,900 early-onset infections and 200 neonatal deaths in 1998. |
| Study proposes easy method of telling whether patients are compliant | September 2000: Simply calling a pharmacist may help pediatricians determine compliance. |
| Therapy advances improve asthma management | September 2000: Two new asthma therapies treat mechanistic aspects of the disease by attempting to limit the allergic response that causes asthma. |
| Therapy, education key to asthma management in preschoolers | March 2000: Early recognition of asthma plus appropriate drug therapy and education are key to disease management. |
| Timing of fevers is important for diagnosing recurrent fevers | December 2000: Fixed vs. irregular fever interval is important for the differential diagnosis. |
| Treating meningitis still an issue for pediatricians | October 2000: Although Hib is not a large culprit these days, S. pneumoniae and N. meningitidis meningitidis meningitis are. |
| Treatment guidelines for antibiotic use in bacterial sinusitis | November 2000: Because of its commonality and the increasing prevalence of bacterial resistance to antibiotics, the appropriate use of antibiotics in treating sinusitis has recently been addressed. |
| Unvaccinated Minnesota teen dies from chickenpox | January 2000: Vaccination prior to contracting the disease or treatment with acyclovir might have saved his life. |
| A urine culture is still needed to rule out UTI | September 2000: Dipstick analysis missed 30% of culture-positive cases, and standard microscopy did little to improve this. |
| Varicella vaccine eliminates disease incidence among day care attendees | February 2000: Study shows 134 cases of varicella occurred among unvaccinated children vs. 11 cases in vaccinated children in day care setting. |
| Varicella vaccine safety: The report card | November 2000: Reactions related to the varicella vaccine need to be reported to keep physicians alert. |
| What to do when religion is a barrier to treatment | November 2000: Have a procedure in place to deal with religious barriers to necessary treatment before decisions must be made. |
| What's Your Diagnosis? A monthly case study, with treatment information and discussion to follow. | |
| Zinc supplements, reduced disease related in developing countries | January 2000: Zinc reduces pneumonia by 41% and diarrhea by up to 25% in children younger than 5 years old. |
| Meetings and courses | Listings of seminars and conferences from throughout the U.S. and around the world. |
